List of Iridaceae of South Africa

Iridaceae is a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants (anthophytes) in the order Asparagales, the asparagoid lilies. The family takes its name from the irises, meaning rainbow, referring to its many colours. There are 66 accepted genera with a total of c. 2244 species worldwide.[1] It includes a number of other well known cultivated plants, such as freesias, gladioli and crocuses. Members of this family are perennial plants, with a bulb, corm or rhizome. The plants grow erect, and have leaves that are generally grass-like, with a sharp central fold.

23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.[2] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.[3]

The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).[4]

65 genera are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.

Acidanthera

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Genus Acidanthera:

Afrosolen

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Genus Afrosolen:

  • Afrosolen bainesii (Baker) Goldblatt & J.C.Mannin. indigenous
  • Afrosolen masukuensis (Vaupel & Schltr.) Goldblatt & J.C.Mannin. indigenous
  • Afrosolen sandersonii (Baker) Goldblatt & J.C.Mannin. indigenous
    • Afrosolen sandersonii (Baker) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning subsp. limpopoensis (Goldblatt & J.C.Manning. endemic
    • Afrosolen sandersonii (Baker) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning subsp. sandersoni. indigenous

Agretta

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Genus Agretta:

Anisanthus

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Genus Anisanthus:[4]

Anomatheca

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Genus Anomatheca:[4]

Antholyza

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Genus Antholyza:[4]

Aristea

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Genus Aristea:[4]

Babiana

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Genus Babiana:[4]

Barnardiella

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Genus Barnardiella:[4]

Belamcanda

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Genus Belamcanda:[4]

Bobartia

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Genus Bobartia:[4]

Chasmanthe

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Genus Chasmanthe:[4]

Codonorhiza

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Genus Codonorhiza:[4]

Crocosmia

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Genus Crocosmia:[4]

Devia

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Genus Devia:[4]

Dierama

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Genus Dierama:[4]

Dietes

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Genus Dietes:[4]

  • Dietes bicolor (Steud.) Sweet ex Klatt, endemic
    • Dietes bicolor (Steud.) Sweet ex Klatt subsp. armeniaca Goldblatt & J.C.Manning, endemic
    • Dietes bicolor (Steud.) Sweet ex Klatt subsp. bicolor, endemic
  • Dietes butcheriana Gerstner, endemic
  • Dietes flavida Oberm. indigenous
  • Dietes grandiflora N.E.Br. indigenous
  • Dietes iridioides (L.) Sweet ex Klatt, indigenous
    • Dietes iridioides (L.) Sweet ex Klatt subsp. iridioides, indigenous

Duthiastrum

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Genus Duthiastrum:[4]

Ferraria

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Genus Ferraria:[4]

Freesia

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Genus Freesia:[4]

Galaxia

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Genus Galaxia:[4]

Geissorhiza

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Genus Geissorhiza:[4]

Gladiolus

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Genus Gladiolus:[4]

Gynandriris

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Genus Gynandriris:[4]

Hesperantha

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Genus Hesperantha:[4]

Hexaglottis

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Genus Hexaglottis:[4]

Homeria

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Genus Homeria:[4]

Homoglossum

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Genus Homoglossum:[4]

Huouttuynia

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Genus Houttuynia:[4]

Hyalis

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Genus Hyalis:[4]

Iris

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Genus Iris:[4]

Ixia

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Genus Ixia:[4]

Klattia

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Genus Klattia:[4]

Lapeirousia

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Genus Lapeirousia:[4]

Melasphaerula

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Genus Melasphaerula:[4]

Meristostigma

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Genus Meristostigma:[4]

Micranthus

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Genus Micranthus:[4]

Montbretia

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Genus Montbretia:[4]

Moraea

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Genus Moraea:[4]

Morphixia

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Genus Morphixia:[4]

Nivenia

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Genus Nivenia:[4]

Nymanina

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Genus Nymanina:[4]

Ovieda

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Genus Ovieda:[4]

Peyrousia

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Genus Peyrousia:[4]

Pillansia

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Genus Pillansia:[4]

Psilosiphon

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Genus Psilosiphon:[4]

Radinosiphon

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Genus Radinosiphon:[4]

Rheome

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Genus Rheome:[4]

Roggeveldia

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Genus Roggeveldia:[4]

Romulea

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Genus Romulea:[4]

Schizorhiza

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Genus Schizorhiza:[4]

Schizostylis

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Genus Schizostylis:[4]

Sisyrinchium

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Genus Sisyrinchium:[4]

Sophronia

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Genus Sophronia:[4]

Sparaxis

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Genus Sparaxis:[4]

Syringodea

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Genus Syringodea:[4]

Thereianthus

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Genus Thereianthus:[4]

Tritonia

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Genus Tritonia:[4]

Tritoniopsis

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Genus Tritoniopsis:[4]

Tritonixia

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Genus Tritonixia:[4]

Waitzia

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Genus Waitzia:[4]

Watsonia

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Genus Watsonia:[4]

Witsenia

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Genus Witsenia:[4]

Wuerthia

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Genus Wuerthia:[4]

Xenoscapa

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Genus Xenoscapa:[4]

References

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  1. ^ Christenhusz, M. J. M.; Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. 261 (3): 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1.
  2. ^ Butler, Rhett A. (1 July 2019). "Total number of plant species by country". Mongabay. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  3. ^ "Vegetation of South Africa". PlantZAfrica.com. SA National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk "species_checklist_20180710.csv". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 27 September 2020.