Paleobotanika
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Paleobotanika je grana botanike koja se bavi otkrivanjem i identifikacijom ostataka biljaka iz minulih geoloških epoha i njihovom upotrebom za biološku rekonstrukciju prošlih okruženja (paleogeografija) i evolucijske historije biljaka, sa uticajem na evoluciju života uopće. Sinonim joj je paleofitologija. To je komponenta paleontologije i paleobiologije. Prefiks palaeo– znači „prastari, stari“,[1] ai izveden je iz pridjeva grč. παλαιός – palaios = prastari.[2]
Paleobotanika uključuje proučavanje Embryophyta (fosile, kopnenih biljaka kao i istraživanje prahistorijskih morskih fotoautotrofa, kao što su fotosintetske alge, morske alge ili slatkovodne alge. Usko srodno polje je palinologija, koja uključuje istraživanje fosiliziranih spora i polena.
Primjeri prahistorijskih biljaka su:
- Araucaria mirabilis
- Archaeopteris
- Calamites
- Dillhoffia
- Glossopteris
- Hymenaea protera
- Nelumbo aureavallis
- Pachypteris
- Palaeoraphe
- Peltandra primaeva
- Protosalvinia
- Trochodendron nastae
Najpoznatiji paleobotaničari
[uredi | uredi izvor]- Edward W. Berry (1875–1945), paleoekologija i fitogeografija
- William Gilbert Chaloner (1928–2016)
- Isabel Cookson (1893–1973), rane vaskularne biljke i p* Dianne Edwards (1942–), kolonizacija zemljišta ranim zemaljskim florama
- Thomas Maxwell Harris (1903–1983), mezozojske biljke Jameson Landa (Grenland) i Jorkšir.
- Robert Kidston (1852–1924), ranonikle biljke, dеvоnska i karboniferna flora i njihova upotreba u stratigrafiji
- Ethel Ida Sanborn (1883–1952), izumrla flora Oregona i zapadnih Sjedinjenih Država
- Birbal Sahni (1891–1949), revizija biljaka indijske Gondvane
- Dunkinfield Henry Scott (1854–1934), analiza struktura fosilnih biljaka
- Constantin von Ettingshausen (1826–1897), tercijarna flora
- Kaspar Maria von Sternberg (1761–1838), „otac paleobotanike“
- Franz Unger (1800–1870), pionir u fiziologiji bilja i nauci o zemljištu
- Jack A. Wolfe (1936–2005), tercijarna paleoklima zapadne Severne Amerikej
- Gilbert Arthur Leisman (1924–1996), poznat po radu na karbonifernim likofitima centralne Severne Amerike.
Također pogledajte
[uredi | uredi izvor]Reference
[uredi | uredi izvor]- ^ Stearn, W.T. (2004). Botanical Latin (4th (p/b) izd.). Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. str. 460. ISBN 978-0-7153-1643-6.
- ^ Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (1940). "παλαιός". A Greek-English Lexicon. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Pristupljeno 16. 7. 2019. Nepoznati parametar
|lastauthoramp=zanemaren (prijedlog zamjene:|name-list-style=) (pomoć)
Preporučena bibliografija
[uredi | uredi izvor]- Brongniart, A. (1822), "Sur la classification et la distribution des végétaux fossiles en général, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment supérieur en particulier", Mém. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., 8: 203–240, 297–348
- Cleal, C.J.; Thomas, B.A. (2010), "Botanical nomenclature and plant fossils", Taxon, 59: 261–268 Nepoznati parametar
|lastauthoramp=zanemaren (prijedlog zamjene:|name-list-style=) (pomoć) - Greuter, W.; McNeill, J.; Barrie, F R.; Burdet, H.M.; Demoulin, V.; Filgueiras, T.S.; Nicolson, D.H.; Silva, P.C.; Skog, J.E.; Turland, N.J.; Hawksworth, D.L. (2000), International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Saint Louis Code), Königstein.: Koeltz Scientific Books, ISBN 978-3-904144-22-3 Nepoznati parametar
|lastauthoramp=zanemaren (prijedlog zamjene:|name-list-style=) (pomoć) - Jongmans, W.J.; Halle, T.G.; Gothan, W. (1935), Proposed additions to the International Rules of Botanical Nomenclature adopted by the fifth International Botanical Congress Cambridge1930, Heerlen, OCLC 700752855 Nepoznati parametar
|lastauthoramp=zanemaren (prijedlog zamjene:|name-list-style=) (pomoć) - Lanjouw, J.; Baehni, C.; Merrill, E.D.; Rickett, H.W.; Robyns, W.; Sprague, T.A.; Stafleu, F.A. (1952), International Code of Botanical Nomenclature: Adopted by the Seventh International Botanical Congress; Stockholm, July 1950, Regnum Vegetabile 3, Utrecht: International Bureau for Plant Taxonomy of the International Association for Plant Taxonomy, OCLC 220069027 Nepoznati parametar
|lastauthoramp=zanemaren (prijedlog zamjene:|name-list-style=) (pomoć) - McNeill, J., ured. (2006), International code of botanical nomenclature (Vienna Code) adopted by the seventeenth International Botanical Congress, Vienna, Austria, July 2005 (electronic izd.), Vienna: International Association for Plant Taxonomy, arhivirano s originala, 6. 10. 2012, pristupljeno 20. 2. 2011 Nepoznati parametar
|displayeditors=zanemaren (prijedlog zamjene:|display-editors=) (pomoć); Nepoznati parametar|lastauthoramp=zanemaren (prijedlog zamjene:|name-list-style=) (pomoć) - Meyer-Berthaud, Brigitte; Scheckler, S.E.; Wendt, J. (1999), "Archaeopteris is the Earliest Modern Tree", Nature, 398 (6729): 700–701, Bibcode:1999Natur.398..700M, doi:10.1038/19516 Nepoznati parametar
|lastauthoramp=zanemaren (prijedlog zamjene:|name-list-style=) (pomoć) - Thomas, H.H. (1935), "Proposed additions to the International Rules of Botanical Nomenclature suggested by British palæobotanists" (PDF), Journal of Botany, 73: 111
- Wellman, Charles H.; Osterloff, Peter L.; Mohiuddin, Uzma (2003), "Fragments of the Earliest Land Plants" (PDF), Nature, 425 (6955): 282–285, Bibcode:2003Natur.425..282W, doi:10.1038/nature01884, PMID 13679913 Nepoznati parametar
|lastauthoramp=zanemaren (prijedlog zamjene:|name-list-style=) (pomoć) - Wilson N. Stewart and Gar W. Rothwell. 2010. Paleobotany and the Evolution of Plants, Second edition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. ISBN 978-0-521-38294-6.
- Thomas N. Taylor, Edith L. Taylor, and Michael Krings. 2008. Paleobotany: The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants, 2nd edition. Academic Press (an imprint of Elsevier): Burlington, MA; New York, NY; San Diego, CA, USA, London, UK. 1252 pages. ISBN 978-0-12-373972-8.
Vanjski linkovi
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Commons ima datoteke na temu: Paleobotanika
- International Organisation of Paleobotany
- Botanical Society of America – Paleobotanical Section Arhivirano 21. 10. 2019. na Wayback Machine
- Paleobotany Research Group, University Münster, Germany
- Fossil Plants At The Chalk Bluff Hydraulic Gold Mine, California
- High Sierra Nevada Fossil Plants, Alpine County, California
- Paleobotanical Field Trip To The Sailor Flat Hydraulic Gold Mine, California
- Fossil Plants Of The Ione Basin, California
- Dinosaur-Age Fossil Leaves At Del Puerto Creek, California
- Fossil Plants At Aldrich Hill, Nevada
- Fossil Leaves And Seeds In West-Central Nevada
- Field Trip To The Copper Basin Flora, Nevada
- Fossil Plants And Insects At Bull Run, Nevada
- Fossil Plants At Buffalo Canyon, Nevada
- Plant Fossils In The Dead Camel Range, Nevada
- The Biota of Early Terrestrial Ecosystems: The Rhynie Chert, University of Aberdeen, UK
- Bibliography of Paleobotany
- The Sternberg Project Arhivirano 10. 10. 2004. na Wayback Machine
- PaleoNet – listservs and links related to paleontology
- Jurassic Park plants Arhivirano 21. 10. 2007. na Wayback Machine Plants that lived when dinosaurs roamed the earth
- Global registry of scientific names of fossil organisms Arhivirano 14. 8. 2020. na Wayback Machine
- Links for Palaeobotanists
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