List of third-party and independent performances in United States mayoral elections
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This is a list of notable performances of third party and independent candidates in United States mayoral elections.
It is rare for candidates, other than those of the six parties which have succeeded as major parties (Federalist Party, Democratic-Republican Party, National Republican Party, Democratic Party, Whig Party, Republican Party), to take large shares of the vote in elections.
Listed below are mayoral elections in which a third party or independent candidate won or were reasonably close to receiving 5.0% of the vote (greater than 4.95%). Winners are shown in bold. All elections are organized by state. These lists do not however include non-partisan elections, where the political affiliations of the candidates are not shown on the ballot, leaving no real major or minor party candidates.
Arizona[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1979 | Tucson[1] | Independent | John Vargas | 18,784 | 39.69 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1991 | Tucson | Libertarian | Gay Lynn Goetzke | 8,172 | 10.86 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1995 | Tucson | Libertarian | Ed Kahn | 6,738 | 9.21 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1999 | Tucson | Libertarian | Ed Kahn | 4,834 | 5.61 / 100 | 3rd |
| 2007 | Tucson | Green | Dave Croteau | 17,962 | 28.08 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2019 | Tucson | Independent | Ed Ackerley | 33,673 | 39.69 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2020 | Mesa | No party preference | Verl Farnsworth | 30,452 | 33.5 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2023 | Tucson[2] | Independent | Ed Ackerley | 5,289 | 6.74 / 100 | 3rd |
California[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1889 | San Diego | Citizens' Non-Partisan | Douglas Gunn | 1,817 | 58.41 / 100 | Elected |
| 1893 | San Diego | Independent | William H. Carlson | 1,219 | 46.78 / 100 | Elected |
| People's | John Castle | 210 | 8.06 / 100 | 4th | ||
| 1895 | San Diego | Independent | William H. Carlson | 1,090 | 33.93 / 100 | Re-elected |
| People's | Daniel Stone | 1,015 | 31.59 / 100 | 2nd | ||
| 1897 | San Diego | Independent | William H. Carlson | 623 | 17.48 / 100 | Lost re-election 3rd |
| People's | Abram C. Mouser | 328 | 9.2 / 100 | 4th | ||
| Independent | Henry Sweeney | 251 | 7.04 / 100 | 5th | ||
| 1901 | San Diego | Socialist | Frank Simpson | 157 | 5.55 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1901 | San Francisco | Union Labor | Eugene Schmitz | 21,776 | 40.71 / 100 | Elected |
| 1902 | Los Angeles | Union Labor | George McGahan | 3,211 | 16.31 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1903 | San Diego | Socialist | Frank Simpson | 219 | 7.3 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1903 | San Francisco | Union Labor | Eugene Schmitz | 26,016 | 43.87 / 100 | Re-elected |
| 1905 | San Diego | Independent | John L. Sehon | 2,018 | 52.66 / 100 | Elected |
| Socialist | W. J. Kirkwood | 438 | 11.43 / 100 | 3rd | ||
| 1905 | San Francisco | Union Labor | Eugene Schmitz | 40,191 | 56.58 / 100 | Re-elected |
| 1906 | Los Angeles | Nonpartisan | Lee Gates | 8,465 | 27.0 / 100 | 2nd |
| Public Ownership | Stanley Wilson | 8,465 | 12.37 / 100 | 4th | ||
| 1909 | San Francisco | Union Labor | P. H. McCarthy | 29,455 | 45.86 / 100 | Elected |
| 1925 | Los Angeles | Independent | Miles S. Gregory | 9,540 | 5.95 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1973 | Los Angeles | Independent | Thomas Reddin | 83,930 | 12.70 / 100 | 4th |
| 2003 | San Francisco | Green | Matt Gonzalez | 40,714 (first round) 119,329 (second round) | 19.57 / 100 (first round)47.19 / 100 (second round) | 2nd |
Connecticut[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1929 | Bridgeport[3] | Socialist | Jasper McLevy | 1,968 | 5.21 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1931 | Bridgeport[4] | Socialist | Jasper McLevy | 15,294 | 35.58 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1933 | Bridgeport[5] | Socialist | Jasper McLevy | 22,445 | 48.64 / 100 | Elected |
| 1935 | Bridgeport[6] | Socialist | Jasper McLevy | 24,267 | 55.74 / 100 | Re-elected |
| 1937 | Bridgeport[7] | Socialist | Jasper McLevy | 26,538 | 67.10 / 100 | Re-elected |
| 1939 | Bridgeport[8] | Socialist | Jasper McLevy | 23,113 | 57.50 / 100 | Re-elected |
| 1941 | Bridgeport[9] | Socialist | Jasper McLevy | 22,225 | 68.00 / 100 | Re-elected |
| 1943 | Bridgeport[10] | Socialist | Jasper McLevy | 18,033 | 65.36 / 100 | Re-elected |
| 1945 | Bridgeport[11] | Socialist | Jasper McLevy | 23,202 | 55.31 / 100 | Re-elected |
| 1947 | Bridgeport[12] | Socialist | Jasper McLevy | 20,007 | 55.31 / 100 | Re-elected |
| 1949 | Bridgeport[13] | Socialist | Jasper McLevy | 28,849 | 53.63 / 100 | Re-elected |
| 1951 | Bridgeport[14] | Socialist | Jasper McLevy | 25,781 | 53.67 / 100 | Re-elected |
| 1953 | Bridgeport[15] | Socialist | Jasper McLevy | 24,443 | 51.26 / 100 | Re-elected |
| 1955 | Bridgeport[16] | Socialist | Jasper McLevy | 24,253 | 47.19 / 100 | Re-elected |
| 1957 | Bridgeport[17] | Socialist | Jasper McLevy | 24,219 | 45.04 / 100 | Lost re-election 2nd |
| 1959 | Bridgeport[18] | Socialist | Jasper McLevy | 14,479 | 27.93 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1961 | Bridgeport[19] | Socialist | William S. Visokay | 10,807 | 21.12 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1963 | Bridgeport[20] | Socialist | William S. Visokay | 5,334 | 12.20 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1971 | Bridgeport[21] | Socialist | Albert Perrocco | 4,959 | 10.78 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1973 | Bridgeport[22] | Socialist | Albert Perrocco | 2,175 | 5.18 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1975 | Bridgeport[23] | Socialist | Albert Perrocco | 3,200 | 8.44 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1981 | Hartford[24] | Independent | Robert F. Ludgin | 6,867 | 26.73 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1995 | Hartford[25] | Independent | Elizabeth Horton Sheff | 1,788 | 14.95 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1997 | Bridgeport[26] | Reform | Robert K. Pavlick | 976 | 5.98 / 100 | 3rd |
| Hartford[27] | Independent | Kenneth A. Mink | 999 | 10.10 / 100 | 2nd | |
| 2001 | Hartford[28] | Independent | Robert F. Ludgin | 1,863 | 16.10 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2003 | Hartford[29] | Libertarian | Richard Lion | 564 | 5.62 / 100 | 3rd |
| 2007 | Hartford[30] | Independent | I. Charles Matthews | 4,556 | 34.14 / 100 | 2nd |
| Independent | Minnie Gonzalez | 996 | 7.46 / 100 | 3rd | ||
| New Haven[31] | Green | Ralph Ferrucci | 1,428 | 11.70 / 100 | 3rd | |
| 2009 | New Haven[32] | Green | Ralph Ferrucci | 1,720 | 16.54 / 100 | 2nd |
| Independent | Angela Whatley | 670 | 6.44 / 100 | 3rd | ||
| 2011 | New Haven[33] | Independent | Jeffrey Kerekes | 6,901 | 44.65 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2013 | New Haven[34] | Independent | Justin Elicker | 9,425 | 45.34 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2015 | Bridgeport | Independent | Mary Jane Foster | 6,029 | 29.81 / 100 | 2nd |
| New Haven | Independent | Ronald Smith | 1,070 | 8.81 / 100 | 2nd | |
| 2017 | Stamford | Independent | John J. Zito, Jr. | 1,260 | 6.73 / 100 | 3rd |
| 2021 | Stamford | Independent | Bobby Valentine | 14,060 | 47.5 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2023 | Bridgeport | Independent Party | John Gomes | 5,550 | 40.0 / 100 | 2nd |
| Independent | Lamond Daniels | 1,836 | 13.2 / 100 | 3rd | ||
| 2024 | Bridgeport | Independent Party | John Gomes | 4,131 | 38.1 / 100 | 2nd |
Delaware[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | Wilmington[35] | Independent Party of Delaware | Sandra Poppiti | 4,476 | 18.78 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2016 | Wilmington | Independent Party of Delaware | Steven Washington | 1,905 | 6.99 / 100 | 3rd |
District of Columbia[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | Washington | Independent | Rodney "Red" Grant | 28,467 | 14.9 / 100 | 2nd |
Indiana[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1983 | Gary[36] | Socialist Workers | Marie Head | 1,238 | 6.47 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1995 | Gary[37] | Independent | Marion Williams | 5,482 | 18.11 / 100 | 2nd |
| Indianapolis[38] | Libertarian | Steve Dillion | 7,175 | 6.47 / 100 | 3rd | |
| 2011 | Gary[39] | Independent | LaVetta Sparks-Wade | 995 | 7.47 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2015 | Gary[40] | Independent | Eddie Tarver | 1,581 | 15.64 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2019 | Terre Haute[41] | Independent | Pat Goodwin | 4,962 | 40.02 / 100 | 2nd |
Illinois[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1879 | Chicago | Socialist Labor | Ernest Schmidt | 11,829 | 20.39 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1887 | Chicago | Labor | Robert S. Nelson | 23,490 | 31.27 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1891 | Chicago | Reform | Hempstead Washburne | 46,957 | 28.84 / 100 | Elected |
| Independent Democrat | Carter Harrison Sr. | 42,931 | 26.36 / 100 | 3rd | ||
| Citizens | Elmer Washburn | 24,027 | 14.75 / 100 | 4th | ||
| 1897 | Chicago | Independent Republican | John Maynard Harlan | 69,730 | 7.02 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1899 | Chicago | Municipal Ownership | John Peter Altgeld | 47,169 | 15.43 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1905 | Chicago | Socialist | John Collins | 23,034 | 7.02 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1911 | Chicago | Socialist | William E. Rodriguez | 24,825 | 6.77 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1919 | Chicago | Independent | Maclay Hoyne | 110,851 | 16.05 / 100 | 3rd |
| Labor | John Fitzpatrick | 55,990 | 8.11 / 100 | 4th | ||
| 1923 | Chicago | Socialist | William A. Cunnea | 41,186 | 5.97 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1927 | Chicago | People's Ownership Smash Crime Rings | John Dill Robertson | 51,347 | 5.14 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1935 | Chicago | Third | Newton Jenkins | 87,726 | 8.34 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1987 | Chicago | Solidarity | Edward Vrdolyak | 468,493 | 41.96 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1989 | Chicago | Harold Washington | Timothy C. Evans | 428,105 | 41.12 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1991 | Chicago | Harold Washington | R. Eugene Pincham | 160,302 | 25.13 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1995 | Chicago | Independent | Roland Burris | 217,315 | 36.25 / 100 | 2nd |
Iowa[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | Cedar Rapids | Independent | Brad Hart | 7,308 | 28.1 / 100 | Lost re-election 3rd |
Louisiana[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | New Orleans | No party preference | Leilani Heno | 6,605 | 8.8 / 100 | 3rd |
| 2022 | Shreveport | Independent | Mario Chavez | 9,458 | 18.3 / 100 | 3rd |
Maryland[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 | Annapolis[42] | Independent | Gilbert Renaut | 2,764 | 36.44 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2016 | Baltimore | Write-in | Sheila Dixon | 49,716 | 22.3 / 100 | 2nd |
| Green | Joshua Harris | 22,204 | 9.9 / 100 | 4th | ||
| 2020 | Baltimore | Independent | Bob Wallace | 47,275 | 20.2 / 100 | 2nd |
Massachusetts[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1846 | Boston[43] | Native American | Jerome V. C. Smith | 735 | 12.35 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1848 | Boston[44] | Free Soil | Bradford Sumner | 929 | 11.91 / 100 | 3rd |
| Native American | Jerome V. C. Smith | 417 | 5.35 / 100 | 4th | ||
| 1849 | Boston[45] | Free Soil | Bradford Sumner | 349 | 6.20 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1851 | Boston[46] | Native American | Jerome V. C. Smith | 2,736 | 34.30 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1852 | Boston[47] | Native American | Jerome V. C. Smith | 5,021 | 41.94 / 100 | Elected |
| 1855 | Boston[48] | Native American | Nathaniel B. Shurtleff | 5,390 | 41.95 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1903 | Boston | Socialist | George W. Galvin | 5,205 | 6.7 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1905 | Boston | Populist | Henry S. Dewey | 11,608 | 12.5 / 100 | 3rd |
Minnesota[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | Saint Paul | Independent | Dino Guerin | 7,454 | 12.6 / 100 | 2nd |
| Independent | Paul Langenfeld | 5,298 | 9.0 / 100 | 3rd | ||
| Independent | Bill Hosko | 3,423 | 5.8 / 100 | 4th |
Mississippi[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | Jackson | Independent | Les Tannehill | 2,536 | 13.4 / 100 | 2nd |
| Independent | Charlotte Reeves | 1,697 | 8.9 / 100 | 3rd |
New Jersey[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1999 | Woodbridge[49] | Independent | John Vrtaric | 1,012 | 10.31 / 100 | 3rd |
| 2005 | Atlantic City[50] | Independent | Joseph Polillo | 1,162 | 20.45 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2008 | Atlantic City[51] | Independent | Joseph Polillo | 2,448 | 22.84 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2009 | Atlantic City[52] | Independent | Joseph Polillo | 706 | 12.08 / 100 | 3rd |
| Independent | Dennis M. Mason | 289 | 4.95 / 100 | 4th |
New York[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1836 | New York City | Equal Rights | Alexander Ming Jr. | 2,712 | 10.31 / 100 | 3rd |
| Native American | Samuel Morse | 1,496 | 5.69 / 100 | 4th | ||
| 1837 | New York City | Equal Rights | Moses Jacques | 4,239 | 12.1 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1844 | New York City | Native American | James Harper | 24,510 | 48.68 / 100 | Elected |
| 1845 | New York City | Native American | James Harper | 17,485 | 35.67 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1846 | New York City | Native American | William B. Cozzens | 8,372 | 17.97 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1854 | New York City | American | James W. Barker | 18,547 | 31.1 / 100 | 2nd |
| Independent Democrat | Wilson G. Hunt | 15,397 | 25.82 / 100 | 3rd | ||
| 1856 | New York City | American | Isaac O. Barker | 25,182 | 32.39 / 100 | 2nd |
| Independent Democrat | James S. Libby | 4,684 | 6.03 / 100 | 4th | ||
| 1859 | New York City | Mozart Hall[53] | Fernando Wood | 29,940 | 38.25 / 100 | Elected |
| 1861 | New York City | Mozart Hall[53] | Fernando Wood | 24,187 | 32.52 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1863 | New York City | Reform Democrat | Charles Godfrey Gunther | 29,121 | 40.96 / 100 | Elected |
| 1865 | New York City | Mozart Hall[53] | John Hecker | 10,390 | 12.73 / 100 | 3rd |
| McKeon Democracy | Charles Godfrey Gunther | 6,758 | 8.28 / 100 | 4th | ||
| 1867 | New York City | Mozart Hall[53] | Fernando Wood | 22,837 | 21.88 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1872 | New York City | Reform Democrat | James O'Brien | 31,121 | 23.88 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1874 | New York City | Liberal Democrat | Oswald Ottendorfer | 24,226 | 18.45 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1878 | New York City | New York County Democracy[54] | Edward Cooper | 79,986 | 56.02 / 100 | Elected |
| 1884 | New York City | New York County Democracy[54] | William Russell Grace | 96,288 | 42.13 / 100 | Elected |
| 1886 | New York City | United Labor[55] | Henry George | 68,110 | 31.01 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1888 | New York City | New York County Democracy[54] | Abram Hewitt | 71,979 | 26.42 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1895 | Brooklyn | Reform Democrat | Edward M. Shepard | 9,510 | 5.66 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1897 | New York City | Citizens Union | Seth Low | 151,540 | 28.83 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1905 | New York City | Municipal Ownership | William Randolph Hearst | 224,929 | 37.16 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1909 | New York City | Civic Alliance[56] | William Randolph Hearst | 154,187 | 25.88 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1913 | Buffalo[57] | Progressive | John Lord O'Brian | 23,757 | 35.24 / 100 | 2nd |
| New York City | Socialist | Charles Edward Russell | 32,205 | 5.12 / 100 | 3rd | |
| 1915 | Schenectady[58] | Socialist | George R. Lunn | 6,069 | 40.81 / 100 | Elected |
| 1917 | New York City | Fusion | John Purroy Mitchel | 155,497 | 23.1 / 100 | 2nd |
| Socialist | Morris Hillquit | 145,332 | 21.59 / 100 | 3rd | ||
| 1921 | New York City | Socialist | Jacob Panken | 82,607 | 7.06 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1929 | Buffalo[59] | Socialist | Frank Perkins | 8,785 | 5.64 / 100 | 3rd |
| New York City | Socialist | Norman Thomas | 175,697 | 12.29 / 100 | 3rd | |
| 1932 | New York City | Socialist | Morris Hillquit | 249,887 | 12.37 / 100 | 3rd |
| Independent (Write-In) | Joseph V. McKee | 234,372 | 11.6 / 100 | 4th | ||
| 1933 | New York City | Recovery | Joseph V. McKee | 609,053 | 28.3 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1937 | Buffalo | Erie County Pole[60] | Joseph Kaszubowski | 11,392 | 5.54 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1945 | Buffalo | People's | Frank X. Schwab | 35,257 | 19.8 / 100 | 3rd |
| New York City | No Deal[61] | Newbold Morris | 408,408 | 20.6 / 100 | 3rd | |
| 1949 | New York City | American Labor | Vito Marcantonio | 356,625 | 13.76 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1950 | New York City | Experience[62] | Vincent R. Impellitteri | 1,161,175 | 44.21 / 100 | Re-elected |
| 1953 | New York City | Liberal | Rudolph Halley | 467,104 | 21.16 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1957 | Buffalo | Independent | Elmer Lux | 45,759 | 23.82 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1961 | Buffalo | Citizens | Frank A. Sedita | 62,196 | 31.56 / 100 | 2nd |
| New York City | Citizens | Lawrence E. Gerosa | 321,604 | 13.26 / 100 | 3rd | |
| 1965 | New York City | Conservative | William F. Buckley Jr. | 341,226 | 13.36 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1967 | Yonkers | Conservative | Nicholas DiCostanzo | 5,802 | 6.99 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1969 | New York City | Liberal | John Lindsay | 1,012,633 | 42.36 / 100 | Re-elected |
| Yonkers | Conservative | Matthew Hollohan | 4,249 | 5.42 / 100 | 3rd | |
| 1973 | New York City | Liberal | Albert H. Blumenthal | 262,600 | 15.4 / 100 | 3rd |
| Conservative | Mario Biaggi | 186,977 | 10.96 / 100 | 4th | ||
| 1977 | Albany[63] | Liberal | Howard C. Nolan | 2,446 | 7.37 / 100 | 3rd |
| Buffalo | Conservative | James D. Griffin | 57,642 | 41.97 / 100 | Elected | |
| New York City | Liberal | Mario Cuomo | 587,913 | 40.97 / 100 | 2nd | |
| 1981 | Buffalo | Liberal | Alfred Coppola | 7,869 | 9.81 / 100 | 2nd |
| New York City | Unity[64] | Frank J. Barbaro | 162,719 | 13.31 / 100 | 2nd | |
| Conservative | John A. Esposito | 60,100 | 4.92 / 100 | 3rd | ||
| Syracuse[65] | Conservative | Melvin N. Zimmer | 2,772 | 5.49 / 100 | ||
| 1983 | Yonkers | Conservative | Carlo Calvi | 7,736 | 13.74 / 100 | 3rd |
| Independent Taxpayers | Charles A. Cola | 6,764 | 7.97 / 100 | 4th | ||
| 1985 | New York City | Liberal | Carol Bellamy | 113,471 | 10.2 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1989 | Buffalo | Independent (Write-In) | Wilbur P. Trammell | 11,033 | 16.27 / 100 | 2nd |
| Liberal | William B. Hoyt | 9,632 | 14.2 / 100 | 3rd | ||
| Rochester | Independent | John G. Erb | 5,503 | 14.21 / 100 | 3rd | |
| 1991 | Yonkers | Independent | Angelo Martinelli | 13,093 | 28.22 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1993 | Buffalo | Conservative | Eugene M. Fahey | 7,566 | 14.29 / 100 | 3rd |
| Rochester | Independent | Kevin B. Murray | 2,489 | 6.37 / 100 | 3rd | |
| 1997 | Albany[66] | Liberal | John McEneny | 4,462 | 21.41 / 100 | 2nd |
| Buffalo | Right to Life | James D. Griffin | 16,539 | 23.15 / 100 | 2nd | |
| Liberal | James Pitts | 11,424 | 15.99 / 100 | 3rd | ||
| 2001 | Syracuse[67] | Green | Jennifer Daniels | 2,442 | 7.60 / 100 | 3rd |
| 2003 | New Rochelle[68] | Working Families | Linda Levine | 2,121 | 14.55 / 100 | 3rd |
| Yonkers | Independence | Michael J. Spano | 2,570 | 7.03 / 100 | 3rd | |
| 2005 | Albany[69] | Green | Alice Green | 5,548 | 8.74 / 100 | 2nd |
| Rochester | Working Families | Tim Mains | 3,786 | 10.36 / 100 | 3rd | |
| 2009 | Albany[70] | Working Families | Corey Ellis | 4,801 | 29.19 / 100 | 2nd |
| New York City | Independent | Michael Bloomberg | 585,470 | 50.7 / 100 | Re-elected | |
| Syracuse[71] | Conservative (NY) | Otis Jennings | 2,448 | 10.42 / 100 | 3rd | |
| 2011 | Rochester | Working Families | William A. Johnson Jr. | 10,732 | 42.21 / 100 | 2nd |
| Green | Alex White | 2,221 | 8.74 / 100 | 3rd | ||
| Yonkers | Independence | Carlo Calvi | 3,015 | 10.26 / 100 | 3rd | |
| 2013 | Rochester | Independence | Thomas Richards | 13,415 | 39.46 / 100 | 2nd |
| Green | Alex White | 1,784 | 5.25 / 100 | 3rd | ||
| 2015 | New Rochelle[72] | Independence | James A. O'Toole | 3,548 | 38.30 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2017 | Buffalo | Reform | Mark J. F. Schroeder | 11,446 | 26.09 / 100 | 2nd |
| Syracuse | Independence | Ben Walsh | 13,584 | 53.21 / 100 | Elected | |
| 2021 | Albany | Independence | Gregory J. Aidala | 2,374 | 16.9 / 100 | 3rd |
| Buffalo | Write-in | Byron Brown | 38,108 | 59.4 / 100 | Re-elected | |
| Syracuse | Independence | Ben Walsh | 13,584 | 59.6 / 100 | Re-elected |
Ohio[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1965 | Cleveland[73] | Independent | Carl Stokes | 87,716 | 36.66 / 100 | 2nd |
| Independent | Ralph A. McAllister | 22,650 | 9.47 / 100 | 4th | ||
| 1971 | Cleveland[74] | Independent | Arnold R. Pinkey | 72,785 | 31.76 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2013 | Youngstown[75] | Independent | DeMaine J. Kitchen | 4,582 | 43.26 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2017 | Youngstown[76] | Independent | Sean McKinney | 5,127 | 45.44 / 100 | 2nd |
| Independent | Janet Tarpley | 723 | 6.41 / 100 | 3rd |
Oklahoma[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1911 | Oklahoma City[77] | Socialist | Oscar Ameringer | 1,876 | 22.7 / 100 | 3rd |
Pennsylvania[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1852 | Philadelphia | Independent | William Badger | 4,328 | 31.99 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1874 | Philadelphia | Independent | Alexander McClure | 49,133 | 44.97 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1915 | Philadelphia | Franklin | George D. Porter | 88,135 | 33.96 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1919 | Philadelphia | Charter | Joseph S. McLaughlin | 17,900 | 6.34 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1927 | Philadelphia | Citizens | J. Hampton Moore | 128,611 | 29.29 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1975 | Philadelphia | Independent | Charles W. Bowser | 138,783 | 24.61 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1979 | Philadelphia | Consumer's | Lucien E. Blackwell | 103,620 | 17.38 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1983 | Philadelphia | Independent | Thomas Leonard | 57,146 | 7.97 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2001 | Harrisburg[78] | Green | Diane F. White | 1,070 | 17.50 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2009 | Scranton[79] | Independent | Gary A. DiBileo | 6,058 | 41.69 / 100 | 3rd |
| 2013 | Allentown[80] | Independent | W. Michael Donovan | 3,602 | 38.13 / 100 | 2nd |
| Harrisburg[81] | Independent | Aaron Johnson | 1,334 | 18.31 / 100 | 3rd |
Rhode Island[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | Providence[82] | Independent | Buddy Cianci | 16,416 | 34.99 / 100 | Elected |
| Independent | Frederick Lippitt | 16,099 | 34.32 / 100 | 2nd | ||
| 1994 | Providence[83] | Independent | Buddy Cianci | 20,510 | 55.47 / 100 | Re-elected |
| Independent | Paul Jabour | 14,955 | 40.44 / 100 | 2nd | ||
| 1998 | Providence[84] | Independent | Buddy Cianci | 23,746 | 34.99 / 100 | Re-elected |
| 2004 | Warwick[85] | Independent | Carlo E. Pisaturo, Jr. | 2,623 | 6.73 / 100 | 3rd |
| 2008 | Pawtucket[86] | Independent | Donald R. Grebien | 10,478 | 46.14 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2010 | Providence[87] | Independent | Jonathan Scott | 6,006 | 17.91 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2012 | Warwick[88] | Independent | John Kirby | 6,917 | 18.41 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2014 | Providence[89] | Independent | Buddy Cianci | 17,306 | 45.04 / 100 | 2nd |
| Warwick[90] | Independent | Kevin C. Eisemann | 1,870 | 6.22 / 100 | 3rd | |
| 2016 | Pawtucket[91] | Independent | John T. Arcaro | 5,090 | 24.51 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2018 | Pawtucket[92] | Independent | David F. Norton | 4,737 | 28.59 / 100 | 2nd |
| Providence[93] | Independent | Dianne S. Witman | 14,016 | 33.11 / 100 | 2nd | |
| 2020 | Warwick[94] | Independent | Frank Picozzi | 26,625 | 59.12 / 100 | Elected |
South Carolina[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1975 | Charleston[95] | Independent | J. Kenneth Rentiers | 1,602 | 10.71 / 100 | 3rd |
| Independent | George Fuller | 1,017 | 6.80 / 100 | 4th | ||
| 1999 | Charleston[96] | Independent | Maurice Washington | 5,126 | 28.89 / 100 | 2nd |
Vermont[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1981 | Burlington | Independent | Bernie Sanders | 4,030 | 43.43 / 100 | Elected |
| Independent | Richard Bove | 1,091 | 11.76 / 100 | 3rd | ||
| 1983 | Burlington | Independent | Bernie Sanders | 6,942 | 52.12 / 100 | Re-elected |
| 1985 | Burlington | Independent | Bernie Sanders | 5,760 | 56.09 / 100 | Re-elected |
| Independent | Diane Gallagher | 1,234 | 12.02 / 100 | 3rd | ||
| 1987 | Burlington | Independent | Bernie Sanders | 6,759 | 55.89 / 100 | Re-elected |
| 1989 | Burlington | Independent | Peter Clavelle | 5,626 | 56.11 / 100 | Elected |
| 1993 | Burlington | Independent | Peter Clavelle | 4,579 | 46.49 / 100 | Lost re-election 2nd |
| 1995 | Burlington | Independent | Peter Clavelle | N/A | N/A | Elected |
| 1999 | Burlington | Progressive | Peter Clavelle | 5,829 | 60.32 / 100 | Re-elected as Progressive |
| 2001 | Burlington | Progressive | Peter Clavelle | 3,426 | 55.18 / 100 | Re-elected |
| 2003 | Burlington | Progressive | Peter Clavelle | 9,270 | 63.69 / 100 | Re-elected |
| Independent | Unknown (Write-In) | 2,660 | 18.28 / 100 | 2nd | ||
| 2006 | Burlington | Progressive | Bob Kiss | 4,761 | 41.29 / 100 | Elected |
| 2009 | Burlington | Progressive | Bob Kiss | 2,585 | 28.8 / 100 | 2nd |
| Independent | Dan Smith | 1,306 | 14.55 / 100 | 4th | ||
| Progressive | Bob Kiss | 2,981 | 33.76 / 100 | 2nd | ||
| 4,313 | 51.5 / 100 | Re-elected | ||||
| 2012 | Burlington | Independent | Wanda Hines | 506 | 5.03 / 100 | 3rd |
| 2015 | Burlington | Progressive | Steven Goodkind | 1,716 | 22.35 / 100 | 2nd |
| Independent | Greg Guma | 508 | 6.62 / 100 | 3rd | ||
| 2018 | Burlington | Progressive | Carina Driscoll | 4,155 | 34.96 / 100 | 2nd |
| Independent | Infinite Culcleasure | 1,910 | 16.07 / 100 | 3rd | ||
| 2021 | Burlington | Progressive | Max Tracy | 6,060 | 42.1 / 100 | 2nd |
| Independent | Ali Dieng | 1,830 | 12.7 / 100 | 3rd | ||
| 2024 | Burlington | Progressive | Emma Mulvaney-Stanak | 7,612 | 51.4 / 100 | Elected |
Virginia[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1961 | Alexandria[97] | Independent | Frank E. Mann | 4,122 | 55.20 / 100 | Elected |
| 1967 | Alexandria[98] | Independent | Fitzhugh Lee Opie | 3,738 | 39.57 / 100 | 2nd |
| 1996 | Alexandria[99] | Independent | Charles Stanard Severance | 490 | 8.59 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2000 | Alexandria[100] | Independent | Robert R. Peavey | 6,223 | 36.72 / 100 | 2nd |
| 2003 | Alexandria[101] | Independent | Townsend A. Van Fleet | 1,315 | 6.58 / 100 | 3rd |
| 2012 | Alexandria[102] | Independent | Andrew MacDonald | 25,988 | 39.91 / 100 | 2nd |
Wisconsin[edit]
| Year | City | Party | Nominee | # Votes | % Votes | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1902 | Milwaukee | Socialist | Howard Tuttle | 8,373 | 14.4 / 100 | 3rd |
| 1910 | Milwaukee[103] | Socialist | Emil Seidel | 27,622 | 46.5 / 100 | Elected |
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