The Hill (1965 film)

The Hill
original film poster
Directed by	Sidney Lumet
Screenplay by	Ray Rigby
Based on	The Hill 1965 play by R.S. Allen and Ray Rigby
Produced by	Kenneth Hyman
Starring	Sean Connery Harry Andrews Ian Bannen Alfred Lynch Ossie Davis Roy Kinnear Jack Watson Ian Hendry Michael Redgrave
Cinematography	Oswald Morris
Edited by	Thelma Connell
Production company	Seven Arts Productions
Distributed by	Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Release dates	May 1965 (Cannes Film Festival) 11 June 1965 (France)
Running time	123 min.
Country	United Kingdom
Language	English
Budget	$2.5 million
Box office	$4.3 million

The Hill is a 1965 British prison drama war film directed by Sidney Lumet, set in an army prison in North Africa during the Second World War. It stars Sean Connery, Harry Andrews, Ian Bannen, Ossie Davis, Ian Hendry, Alfred Lynch, Roy Kinnear and Michael Redgrave. The screenplay was by Ray Rigby based on the 1965 play of the same name by Rigby and R.S Allen.

Plot[edit]

In a British Army "glasshouse" (military prison) in the Libyan desert, prisoners convicted of service offences such as insubordination, being drunk while on duty, going AWOL or petty theft are subjected to repetitive drill routines as a punishment in the blazing desert heat.

The arrival of five new prisoners slowly leads to a clash with the camp authorities. One new NCO guard who has also just arrived employs excessive punishments, which include forcing the five newcomers to repeatedly climb a man-made hill in the centre of the camp. When one dies, a power struggle erupts between brutal ex-civilian prison guard Staff Sergeant Williams, humane Staff Sergeant Harris, Regimental Sergeant Major Wilson, and the camp's medical officer (as they struggle to run the camp in conflicting styles.

Roberts is a former squadron sergeant major from the Royal Tank Regiment, convicted of assaulting his commanding officer – which he explains to his fellow inmates was because he was ordered to lead his men in a senseless suicidal attack. Roberts openly scorns Williams' brutality and serves as a challenge to his authority. Like Roberts, the RSM is a career soldier and commands authority within the prison in which he is working. However, he is realistic about his role stating, "No one's going to pin a medal on us". He sees his duty to be as important as any other – that of breaking down failed soldiers, then building them back up again, in his words, "Into men!"

The other members of Roberts' group are McGrath, a hard Yorkshireman serving a sentence for drunkenness, fighting and assaulting members of the Military Police. Army office clerk Stevens, a timid and naive man jailed for going AWOL. Bartlett, a spiv who shirks active service and has been jailed for selling Army vehicle tyres to the Arabs, and the light-hearted King, a West Indian soldier serving a sentence for stealing three bottles of whisky from the sergeants' mess, and being drunk and disorderly.

Staff Sergeant Williams' ambition is matched only by his cruel treatment of the prisoners; he seeks to use their suffering as a means for promotion. When Roberts is accused of cowardice, he asks Staff Sergeant Williams, "And what are you supposed to be – a brave man in a permanent base job?" The RSM also questions Staff Sergeant Williams's motives for getting out of London, as in another scene, he slyly mentions the fact that the Germans were bombing the UK (including the civilian prison Williams worked at) just as Williams was volunteering for prison duty in Africa. Staff Sergeant Williams openly admits that he is trying to impress the RSM by showing that he has got what it takes to do the job, and attempts to undermine the RSM with a late-night drinking contest.

Staff Sergeant Harris is the conscience of the prison who sympathises with the men and really wants no part of his being there. The RSM believes that Harris is far too lenient. The officers, both the CO and the medical officer, take their duties casually and, as Roberts points out, "everyone is doing time here, even the screws" (prison officers).

When the medical officer confronts the RSM with the claim that Stevens' punishment is too severe, the RSM turns this around and blames the MO as it was he who passed Stevens as "fit for punishment".

Williams is a bully and a coward and singles out Bartlett and Stevens who are the two weakest members of the group, particularly Stevens. Stevens finally loses his mind and dies of heat exhaustion after repeated and unwarranted punishments by Williams, and the whole prison rises in protest. Roberts openly accuses Staff Sergeant Williams of murdering Stevens. King corroborates the story. However, this results in both being punished. The RSM has the experience to deal with a potentially violent situation. Firstly by stating that the ring-leaders will be charged with mutiny (an offence punishable by death). "Who are the ring-leaders" shouts one prisoner. The RSM relies with a stern "Every fifth man!". The RSM thus gaining control, eases the situation whereby the prisoners willingly break up the revolt. Meanwhile, with the help of two prison guard corporals, Staff Williams beat up Roberts in an empty solitary cell. Roberts suffers a broken foot and Harris gets him carried to see the medical officer. The RSM intervenes and orders Roberts to march despite his injury. King again protests, and after being subjected to racial abuse by the RSM refuses to wear the uniform or acknowledge any form of army discipline.

The MO and Staff Sergeant Harris insist on reporting the abuses at the camp whilst the RSM and Williams join forces in an attempt to intimidate them into backing down. The injured Roberts is left alone in the cell and Williams remains behind. He then prepares to administer one final, perhaps fatal, beating to Roberts, when King and McGrath enter the cell, proceed to attack Williams, and are heard to severely beat him (off-camera). Roberts pleads with them to stop, knowing that if prisoners beat up a prison officer, any case they may have had against him is lost.

Cast[edit]

Production[edit]

The film was based on a screenplay by Ray Rigby, who wrote for TV and had spent time in military prison. Movie rights were bought by Seven Arts Productions, which had a production deal with MGM. Producer Kenneth Hyman arranged for Rigby's script to be rewritten by other people, but when Sidney Lumet came on board as director, Lumet went back to Rigby's original draft. He and Rigby did cut out around 100 pages of material before filming.^[1]

"There really isn't a lot of story", said Lumet. "It's all character – a group of men, prisoners and jailers alike, driven by the same motive force, fear."^[1]

Sean Connery agreed to play the lead because it represented such a change of pace from James Bond. "It is only because of my reputation as Bond that the backers put up the money for The Hill", he said.^[2]

Lumet says he told Connery before filming began that, "'I'm going to make brutal demands of you, physically and emotionally', and he knew I'm not a director who has too much respect for 'stars' as such. The result is beyond my hopes. He is real and tough and not at all smooth or nice. In a way, he's a 'heavy' but the real heavy is the Army."^[1]

Filming took place in Almería, Spain starting 8 September 1964. An old Spanish fort in Málaga was used for the prison.^[3] Many people associated with the production had regarded the filming as pleasant, despite difficult conditions: Temperatures went above 46°C (114°F) and nearly all the cast and crew became ill, even though thousands of gallons of fresh water were brought in.^[4]

Rigby published a novelization of the story in 1965.^[5]

Reception[edit]

The Monthly Film Bulletin wrote:

Strikingly shot in clear, clean lines by Ossie Morris, this subject, at least until the frenzied final stages when the plot takes over entirely, seems to provide the ideal outlet for Sidney Lumet's discursive and fastidious talent. All the scene-setting, in fact, has the sort of brilliance that can result only from a capacity for taking infinite pains. The placing of the men in relation to each other and to their extremely photogenic environment is precise and meaningful in the sense that, without becoming heavily symbolic, it works on more than one level. The hill, and all the organised activity going on around it, has a visual fascination that is enhanced by the dramatic use of natural sounds and by firmly controlled performances from the leading actors: Harry Andrews, as the ruthlessly dictatorial Wilson, couldn't be bettered; Ian Hendry never overplays the difficult role of his sadistic instrument Williams; and Sean Connery portrays the tough Roberts with convincing style. It is only with Ian Bannen, as the man who tries to save Stevens, and Michael Redgrave, as the well-meaning but flaccid Medical Officer, that a feeling of weakness begins to creep in. This, like the final antics of Ossie Davis, is the fault not of the actors but of the film, which presents its case negatively, relying on a collection of liberal clichés to illustrate the positive aspects. The clichés are there from the start, prompting the carefully representative choice of prisoners, and biding their time; but shortly after Wilson silences the prisoners' combined protest about Stevens' death, they come into their own to such an extent that the film takes an hysterical turn from which it never recovers. Ian Bannen's performance, his cynical laugh as he indulges in mock pleasantries with the immovable Sergeant Major, belongs, however enjoyably, to the theatrical side of the film. In the end Lumet's tidy-mindedness, his care in tying-up all the loose ends of an increasingly involved plot, leaves no room for inferences other than the obvious ones. All this is fiction where the hill itself was hard and undeniable fact.^[6]

The film holds a 71% "Fresh" rating on the review aggregate site Rotten Tomatoes.^[4][7]

Awards[edit]

The film screened at the 1965 Cannes Film Festival ^[8] and won Best Screenplay (Ray Rigby)^[9]

In 1965 the American National Board of Review voted Harry Andrews Best Supporting Actor,^[10] and the Writers' Guild of Great Britain Best British Dramatic Screenplay winner was Ray Rigby.^[11]

The film was recognised in several categories in the 1966 BAFTA Awards:

• Best British Cinematography (Oswald Morris) – won^[12]
• Best Film (Kenneth Hyman) – nominated^[13]
• Best British Film (Kenneth Hyman) – nominated^[14]
• Best British Actor (Harry Andrews) – nominated^[15]
• Best British Screenplay (Ray Rigby) – nominated^[16]
• Best British Art Direction (Herbert Smith) – nominated^[17]

DVD[edit]

The Hill was released to DVD by Warner Home Video on 5 June 2007 as a Region 1 widescreen DVD.

References[edit]

External links[edit]

• The Hill at IMDb
• The Hill at Rotten Tomatoes
• The Hill at the TCM Movie Database
• The Hill at AllMovie
• The Hill at the American Film Institute Catalog^{[dead link]}
• The Hill then-and-now location photographs at ReelStreets