هرزه‌نکوهی

هرزه‌نکوهی^[۱] یا اسلات-شیمینگ (انگلیسی: Slut-shaming) عمل عیب‌جویی و انتقاد از افراد به‌خصوص از زنان و دخترانی است که تصور می‌شود انتظارات از رفتار و ظاهر در مورد مسائل مربوط به تمایلات جنسی را نقض می‌کنند.^[۲]^[۳]^[۴] این اصطلاح برای اصلاح واژهٔ هرزه و صلاحیت‌دادن به زنان و دختران برای داشتن اختیار بر تمایلات جنسی خود استفاده می‌شود.^[۴] این اصطلاح ممکن است در مورد مردان همجنس‌گرا نیز استفاده شود، چرا که ممکن است به دلیل رفتارهای جنسی ناپسند با بی‌بندوباری در نظر گرفته شوند.^[۲]^[۵] اسلات-شیمینگ به ندرت برای مردان دگرجنس‌گرا اتفاق می‌افتد.^[۲]

نمونه‌هایی از اسلات-شیمینگ شامل انتقاد یا تنبیه شدن برای موارد زیر است: نقض دستورالعمل پوشش به روش‌های از لحاظ جنسی تحریک‌آمیز؛ درخواست دسترسی به پیشگیری از بارداری؛^[۶]^[۷]^[۸] داشتن سکس پیش از ازدواج، تفننی یا بی‌بندوباری.^[۹]^[۱۰] این اصطلاح همچنین می‌تواند شامل سرزنش قربانی تجاوز یا تعرض جنسی باشد.^[۱۱]^[۱۲]

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منابع

↑ «ملانیا ترامپ کیست؟ بانوی اول سنتی و غیر معمول آمریکا». بی‌بی‌سی فارسی. ۲۷ اوت ۲۰۲۰. دریافت‌شده در ۲۹ دسامبر ۲۰۲۳.
↑ ^۲٫۰ ^۲٫۱ ^۲٫۲ Brian N. Sweeney (2017). "Slut Shaming". The SAGE Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender. Sage Publications. doi:10.4135/9781483384269. ISBN 978-1-4833-8426-9. Retrieved April 22, 2018.
↑ Jaclyn Friedman (2011). What You Really Really Want: The Smart Girl's Shame-Free Guide to Sex and Safety. Da Capo Press. p. 200. ISBN 978-1-58005-430-0. Retrieved April 22, 2018. As we explored in chapter 2, 'slut-shaming' is an umbrella term for all kinds of language and behaviors that are intended to make women and girls feel bad about being sexual.
↑ ^۴٫۰ ^۴٫۱ Jessalynn Keller (2015). Girls' Feminist Blogging in a Postfeminist Age. Routledge. p. 93. ISBN 978-1-317-62776-0. Retrieved April 22, 2018. The phrase [slut-shaming] became popularized alongside the SlutWalk marches and functions similarly to the 'War on Women,' producing affective connections while additionally working to reclaim the word 'slut' as a source of power and agency for girls and women.
↑ Williamson, Kit (November 3, 2015). "Gay Men Should Be Ashamed of Slut-Shaming". The Advocate. Retrieved April 22, 2018.
↑ Lamb, Sharon (27 June 2008). "The 'Right' Sexuality for Girls". Chronicle of Higher Education. 54 (42): B14–B15. ISSN 0009-5982. In Dilemmas of Desire: Teenage Girls Talk About Sexuality (Harvard University Press, 2002), Deborah L. Tolman complained that we've 'desexualized girls' sexuality, substituting the desire for relationship and emotional connection for sexual feelings in their bodies.' Recognizing that fact, theorists have used the concept of desire as a way to undo the double standard that applauds a guy for his lust, calling him a player, and shames a girl for hers, calling her a slut.
↑ Albury, Kath; Crawford, Kate (18 May 2012). "Sexting, consent and young people's ethics: Beyond Megan's Story". Continuum: Journal of Media & Cultural Studies. 26 (3): 463–473. doi:10.1080/10304312.2012.665840. S2CID 145401204. Certainly the individualizing admonishment to 'think again' offers no sense of the broader legal and political environment in which sexting might occur, or any critique of a culture that requires young women to preserve their 'reputations' by avoiding overt demonstrations of sexual knowingness and desire. Further, by trading on the propensity of teenagers to feel embarrassment about their bodies and commingling it with the anxiety of mobiles being ever present, the ad becomes a potent mix of technology fear and body shame.
↑ Legge, Nancy J.; DiSanza, James R.; Gribas, John; Shiffler, Aubrey (2012). ""He sounded like a vile, disgusting pervert..." An Analysis of Persuasive Attacks on Rush Limbaugh During the Sandra Fluke Controversy". Journal of Radio & Audio Media. 19 (2): 173–205. doi:10.1080/19376529.2012.722468. S2CID 143627527. It is also possible that the Limbaugh incident has turned "slut-shaming", or other similar attacks on women, into a "Devil-term". It may be possible that Limbaugh's insults were so thoroughly condemned that he and others (such as Bill Maher) will have a more difficult time insulting women who are not virgins, or attacking them in other sexist ways.
↑ Tesla, Carrasquillo (2014-01-01). "Understanding Prostitution and the Need for Reform". Touro Law Review. 30 (3). ISSN 8756-7326.
↑ Chateauvert, Melinda (2014-02-07). Sex Workers Unite: A History of the Movement from Stonewall to Slutwalk (به انگلیسی). Beacon Press. p. 49. ISBN 978-0-8070-6139-8. It encouraged women to be angry about whore stigma and slut shaming for pursuing sexual pleasure or trading sex for money
↑ McCormack, Clare; Prostran, Nevena (2012). "Asking for it: a first-hand account from slutwalk". International Feminist Journal of Politics. 14 (3): 410–414. doi:10.1080/14616742.2012.699777. S2CID 143086739.
↑ Chateauvert, Melinda (2014-01-07). Sex Workers Unite: A History of the Movement from Stonewall to SlutWalk (به انگلیسی). Beacon Press. ISBN 978-0-8070-6140-4. Slut-shaming implies that victims of sex violence "asked for it" because they were sexually promiscuous or dressed provocatively.

مشارکت‌کنندگان ویکی‌پدیا. «Slut-shaming». در دانشنامهٔ ویکی‌پدیای انگلیسی، بازبینی‌شده در ۲۲ نوامبر ۲۰۲۱.

این یک مقالهٔ خرد فمینیسم است. می‌توانید با گسترش آن به ویکی‌پدیا کمک کنید.

[1] «ملانیا ترامپ کیست؟ بانوی اول سنتی و غیر معمول آمریکا». بی‌بی‌سی فارسی. ۲۷ اوت ۲۰۲۰. دریافت‌شده در ۲۹ دسامبر ۲۰۲۳.

[Sweeney-2] ۲٫۰ ^۲٫۱ ^۲٫۲ Brian N. Sweeney (2017). "Slut Shaming". The SAGE Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender. Sage Publications. doi:10.4135/9781483384269. ISBN 978-1-4833-8426-9. Retrieved April 22, 2018.

[Friedman-3] Jaclyn Friedman (2011). What You Really Really Want: The Smart Girl's Shame-Free Guide to Sex and Safety. Da Capo Press. p. 200. ISBN 978-1-58005-430-0. Retrieved April 22, 2018. As we explored in chapter 2, 'slut-shaming' is an umbrella term for all kinds of language and behaviors that are intended to make women and girls feel bad about being sexual.

[Keller-4] ۴٫۰ ^۴٫۱ Jessalynn Keller (2015). Girls' Feminist Blogging in a Postfeminist Age. Routledge. p. 93. ISBN 978-1-317-62776-0. Retrieved April 22, 2018. The phrase [slut-shaming] became popularized alongside the SlutWalk marches and functions similarly to the 'War on Women,' producing affective connections while additionally working to reclaim the word 'slut' as a source of power and agency for girls and women.

[Williamson-5] Williamson, Kit (November 3, 2015). "Gay Men Should Be Ashamed of Slut-Shaming". The Advocate. Retrieved April 22, 2018.

[Lamb_B14–B15-6] Lamb, Sharon (27 June 2008). "The 'Right' Sexuality for Girls". Chronicle of Higher Education. 54 (42): B14–B15. ISSN 0009-5982. In Dilemmas of Desire: Teenage Girls Talk About Sexuality (Harvard University Press, 2002), Deborah L. Tolman complained that we've 'desexualized girls' sexuality, substituting the desire for relationship and emotional connection for sexual feelings in their bodies.' Recognizing that fact, theorists have used the concept of desire as a way to undo the double standard that applauds a guy for his lust, calling him a player, and shames a girl for hers, calling her a slut.

[7] Albury, Kath; Crawford, Kate (18 May 2012). "Sexting, consent and young people's ethics: Beyond Megan's Story". Continuum: Journal of Media & Cultural Studies. 26 (3): 463–473. doi:10.1080/10304312.2012.665840. S2CID 145401204. Certainly the individualizing admonishment to 'think again' offers no sense of the broader legal and political environment in which sexting might occur, or any critique of a culture that requires young women to preserve their 'reputations' by avoiding overt demonstrations of sexual knowingness and desire. Further, by trading on the propensity of teenagers to feel embarrassment about their bodies and commingling it with the anxiety of mobiles being ever present, the ad becomes a potent mix of technology fear and body shame.

[limbaugh-8] Legge, Nancy J.; DiSanza, James R.; Gribas, John; Shiffler, Aubrey (2012). ""He sounded like a vile, disgusting pervert..." An Analysis of Persuasive Attacks on Rush Limbaugh During the Sandra Fluke Controversy". Journal of Radio & Audio Media. 19 (2): 173–205. doi:10.1080/19376529.2012.722468. S2CID 143627527. It is also possible that the Limbaugh incident has turned "slut-shaming", or other similar attacks on women, into a "Devil-term". It may be possible that Limbaugh's insults were so thoroughly condemned that he and others (such as Bill Maher) will have a more difficult time insulting women who are not virgins, or attacking them in other sexist ways.

[9] Tesla, Carrasquillo (2014-01-01). "Understanding Prostitution and the Need for Reform". Touro Law Review. 30 (3). ISSN 8756-7326.

[10] Chateauvert, Melinda (2014-02-07). Sex Workers Unite: A History of the Movement from Stonewall to Slutwalk (به انگلیسی). Beacon Press. p. 49. ISBN 978-0-8070-6139-8. It encouraged women to be angry about whore stigma and slut shaming for pursuing sexual pleasure or trading sex for money

[asking-11] McCormack, Clare; Prostran, Nevena (2012). "Asking for it: a first-hand account from slutwalk". International Feminist Journal of Politics. 14 (3): 410–414. doi:10.1080/14616742.2012.699777. S2CID 143086739.

[12] Chateauvert, Melinda (2014-01-07). Sex Workers Unite: A History of the Movement from Stonewall to SlutWalk (به انگلیسی). Beacon Press. ISBN 978-0-8070-6140-4. Slut-shaming implies that victims of sex violence "asked for it" because they were sexually promiscuous or dressed provocatively.

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هرزه‌نکوهی

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منابع

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