五氟化铀

五氟化铀
识别
CAS号	13775-07-0
ChemSpider	14676182
SMILES	F[U](F)(F)(F)F;
InChI	1/5FH.U/h5*1H;/q;;;;;+2/p-5;
InChIKey	YKLDBRIIJYAXGS-AACRGIKGAA
性质
化学式	UF5
摩尔质量	333.020926 g·mol⁻¹
	若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

五氟化铀是一种铀的氟化物，其化学式为UF₅。

五氟化铀是一种配位聚合物，由UF₅单元通过氟桥键连接成线形链。

这种铀盐的特点已经由C.J. Howard、J.C Taylor和A.B. Waugh报道。^[1]

制备

五氟化铀是把四氟化铀氟化成 UF₆时的中间体：

2 UF₄ + F₂ → 2 UF₅

2 UF₅ + F₂ → 2 UF₆

它也可以由六氯化铀或五氯化铀和氟化氢反应而成。^[2]

\mathrm {2\ UCl_{6}+10\ HF\longrightarrow 2\ UF_{5}+10\ HCl+Cl_{2}}

\mathrm {2\ UCl_{5}+10\ HF\longrightarrow 2\ UF_{5}+10\ HCl}

五氟化铀还可以通过六氟化铀和四氟化铀的归中反应而成：^[2]

\mathrm {UF_{4}+UF_{6}\longrightarrow 2\ UF_{5}}

它也可以由六氟化铀被一氧化碳在高温下还原而成：^[3]

2 UF₆ + CO → 2 UF₅ + COF₂

使用其它还原剂（例如溴化氢^[2]和二氧化硫^[4]）也是可行的。^[5]

结构

α相的五氟化铀是一种多聚体，由U-F-U顺式桥连和UF₆八面体相连而成的无限链状结构。^[6]这个结构和五氟化钒一样。

β相的五氟化铀中的铀中心是四方反棱柱结构的。^[7]β相会在 130 °C时转化成α相。^[6]

参考资料

^ C. J. Howard, J. C. Taylor and A. B. Waugh. Crystallographic parameters in α-UF5 and U2F9 by multiphase refinement of high-resolution neutron powder data. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 1982, 45: 396–398. doi:10.1016/0022-4596(82)90185-2.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Georg Brauer (Hrsg.), unter Mitarbeit von Marianne Baudler u. a.: Handbuch der Präparativen Anorganischen Chemie. 3., umgearbeitete Auflage. Band II, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-432-87813-3, S. 1203–1204.
^ Gordon W. Halstead, P. Gary Eller "Uranium(V) Fluorides and Alkoxides" Inorganic Syntheses 1982, volume 21, 162. doi:10.1002/9780470132524.ch35
^ P. G. Eller, A. C. Larson, J. R. Peterson, D. D. Ensor, J. P. Young: „Crystal structures of α-UF₅ and U₂F₉ and spectral characterization of U₂F₉“, in: Inorganica Chimica Acta, 1979, 37 (2), S. 129–133 (doi:10.1016/S0020-1693(00)95530-0 ).
^ Eller, P. G.; Larson, A. C.; Peterson, J. R.; Ensor, D. D.; Young, J. P. Crystal Structures of α-UF₅ and U₂F₉ and Spectral Characterization of U₂F₉. Inorganica Chimica Acta. 1979, 37 (2): 129–133. doi:10.1016/S0020-1693(00)95530-0.
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 Howard, C. J.; Taylor, J. C.; Waugh, A. B. Crystallographic Parameters in α-UF₅ and U₂F₉ by Multiphase Refinement of High-Resolution Neutron Powder Data. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 1982, 45 (3): 396–398. Bibcode:1982JSSCh..45..396H. doi:10.1016/0022-4596(82)90185-2.
^ Taylor, J. C.; Waugh, A. B. Neutron Diffraction Study of β-Uranium Pentafluoride Between 77 and 403 K. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 1980, 35 (2): 137–147. Bibcode:1980JSSCh..35..137T. doi:10.1016/0022-4596(80)90485-5.

[1] C. J. Howard, J. C. Taylor and A. B. Waugh. Crystallographic parameters in α-UF5 and U2F9 by multiphase refinement of high-resolution neutron powder data. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 1982, 45: 396–398. doi:10.1016/0022-4596(82)90185-2.

[brauer-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Georg Brauer (Hrsg.), unter Mitarbeit von Marianne Baudler u. a.: Handbuch der Präparativen Anorganischen Chemie. 3., umgearbeitete Auflage. Band II, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-432-87813-3, S. 1203–1204.

[3] Gordon W. Halstead, P. Gary Eller "Uranium(V) Fluorides and Alkoxides" Inorganic Syntheses 1982, volume 21, 162. doi:10.1002/9780470132524.ch35

[Eller_1979-4] P. G. Eller, A. C. Larson, J. R. Peterson, D. D. Ensor, J. P. Young: „Crystal structures of α-UF₅ and U₂F₉ and spectral characterization of U₂F₉“, in: Inorganica Chimica Acta, 1979, 37 (2), S. 129–133 (doi:10.1016/S0020-1693(00)95530-0 ).

[5] Eller, P. G.; Larson, A. C.; Peterson, J. R.; Ensor, D. D.; Young, J. P. Crystal Structures of α-UF₅ and U₂F₉ and Spectral Characterization of U₂F₉. Inorganica Chimica Acta. 1979, 37 (2): 129–133. doi:10.1016/S0020-1693(00)95530-0.

[howard1982-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Howard, C. J.; Taylor, J. C.; Waugh, A. B. Crystallographic Parameters in α-UF₅ and U₂F₉ by Multiphase Refinement of High-Resolution Neutron Powder Data. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 1982, 45 (3): 396–398. Bibcode:1982JSSCh..45..396H. doi:10.1016/0022-4596(82)90185-2.

[7] Taylor, J. C.; Waugh, A. B. Neutron Diffraction Study of β-Uranium Pentafluoride Between 77 and 403 K. Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 1980, 35 (2): 137–147. Bibcode:1980JSSCh..35..137T. doi:10.1016/0022-4596(80)90485-5.

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五氟化铀

识别
CAS号	13775-07-0 ^Y
ChemSpider	14676182
SMILES	F[U](F)(F)(F)F
InChI	1/5FH.U/h5*1H;/q;;;;;+2/p-5
InChIKey	YKLDBRIIJYAXGS-AACRGIKGAA
性质
化学式	UF₅
摩尔质量	333.020926 g·mol⁻¹
若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

五氟化铀

制备

结构

参考资料

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